Anyone who has explored the wilder parts of Africa will recognise one of life’s more startling travel experiences.
You round a corner of a red dirt road somewhere out there in the middle of nowhere and suddenly it appears – a tiny trading store crouched in the bush just off the verge. Dust, relentless sun, acacias, baobabs, a tinker barbet tapping ceaselessly in the heat – and one lonely trading store.
The shop’s Coca Cola sign squeaks on rusted hinges in the hot wind, proudly announcing the owner’s name – Patel or Banderker or Singh. Never Smith or Trelawny. No. The proprietor of a typical African trading store – a ‘duka’ in Swahili – is traditionally a Hindu or a Muslim settler – he and his wife run the place. Both polite, both lonely in the wilderness, always with a guarded smile for the hot and weary traveller. And if you’re in luck, there’ll be a cold Coke to cut the dust before you continue your long trek to your distant destination across miles and miles of bloody Africa.
No matter where you encounter these trading stores – Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Malawi, Botswana, Tanzania, Kenya or South Africa – they all smell the same. An aromatic blend of turmeric, chilli and joss, even a touch of paraffin or diesel; and, wafting from the adjacent kitchen, the mouthwatering scent of a spicy chicken or vegetable curry simmering on the hob.
You can find anything in these dukas, from a bicycle to a pair of wellies. You’ll spot those beige enamel teapots, for example, the ones with the green trim, and cheap Okapi folding knives so treasured by skinners, small rose-coloured bananas from Lake Victoria, three-legged pots, 4X4 tyres, soft baling wire, crowbars and viciously coloured pink sweets.
And these ubiquitous trading stores apparently predate even the earliest Western explorers. One of the Naipauls, VS or Shiva (I read this once but can no longer find it) states that the 19th century Western explorers like Burton, Speke, Baker and Livingstone would often come across a lonely duka hidden away in the unforgiving bush, long-established and miles from the nearest civilisation; the husband-and-wife owners astonished by the first white faces they had ever seen. And imagine the dismay of the Victorian explorers – always armed to the teeth and convinced they had penetrated to the heart of untamed Africa – only to find a pair of humble shopkeepers already doing business in the wilderness!
These trading stores are so much a part of my happy childhood and grownup memories, so filled with traveller’s delight, that encountering them today always brings a moment of poignant recognition.
Which is exactly what happened the first time I visited a remote bushveld farm in a valley at the foot of the Magaliesberg where I hoped to build my tented camp.
I turned off the tar onto the kind of red gravel road you encounter everywhere in Africa and pointed the nose of my 4X4 to the north. And then, after a few dusty kilometres, the little building suddenly appeared. A typical African trading store, right alongside the road, shaded by a palm tree – low, unpretentious, welcoming – its Coca Cola sign, battered by sun and rain, proudly announcing ‘Amod & Son.’
I slowed the car and turned to watch this fascinating apparition as I drove past. I decided instantly to return, meet Mr Amod and his son, and find more of the stories I want for my Storycatcher project. I knew that lovely tales of adventure and courage were hidden inside the little duka’s weathered walls.
When I returned to Amod and Son some months later after building my camp – nothing’s easy in Africa – I found not Mr Amod but his grandson, Mr Aziz Varachia.
Mr Varachia is a charming man who wears his years with great elegance. Politely remote, he has been tempered by Africa’s stern trials and is gently resigned to life’s imperfections. Africa, like the sea and Islam, teaches wisdom and submission.
The interior of Amod & Son is plain and echoey. Again, the similarity to other stores I’ve seen in other parts of Africa is quite remarkable. The place is dimly lit, has white walls and tall shelves that hold tinned veg, tinned curry, bags of rice and mealie-meal, bicycle tyres and inner tubes. A rackety compressor cools the Coca Cola fridge. There are full gas bottles, and glassed display cabinets containing everything from padlocks to combs.
But I wanted my stories. And I got them. While Sam Malesha, his assistant of ten years, bustled about serving customers, Mr Varachia and I began to chat across the counter about the present and the past. But first I had to get the genealogy clear in my mind…
Who was Amod? Who was the son? Where does the name Varachia come from?
Mr Varachia smiled. “My grandfather was Ahmed, which in South Africa somehow became Amod. My grandfather used to call my father Amod, even though his name was really Abdul Hay Varachia.”
So…everyone was and is a Varachia? Indeed.
Details of the Varachia family’s first arrival in South Africa are lost in the mists of memory but family legend has it that the Varachia grandparents took passage from Gujarat in India, sailing bravely to distant Durban in the mid-1800s.
A quick online look at the history of Natal gives us a tantalising insight.
In August 1843, Natal become a Crown Colony, ruled from distant Cape Town by a British Governor. The economy of the new colony was fragile. Bellicose Zulus were omnipresent (the humiliating defeat of British arms by Zulu impis at Isandlwana came in 1879) and the climate was maliciously tropical.
Yes, there was a harbour, Port Natal, and some far-sighted farmers already saw the potential for growing sugar-cane in the moist heat. There were, after all, tempting precedents. The Dutch had introduced sugar-cane to Mauritius back in 1639, and by 1748, the new French governor of Mauritius had opened the first sugar factory on the island. French profits soared; but willing farm labour was scarce in Durban. Warriors don’t do digging.
Then, in 1848, an entrepreneurial Natalian sugar farmer, a Mr E.R. Rathbone, imported labourers from India to work on his farms. This experiment was a huge financial success and, by 1859, legislation was passed in London that made it possible for the Natal Colony to introduce legal indentured labourers from India. On 16 November of that year the first group of 342 labourers duly arrived in Durban from Bombay on the sailing ship Truro.
It seems likely that early Varachia ancestors were amongst them; when I asked Mr Varachia what had brought his grandparents to South Africa, he replied simply, “They came as labourers.”
Interestingly, the surname Varachia has its origins in Gujarat, a seacoast province of India. The Gujarati word ‘Varach’ means a person who is skilled or expert. Whatever the history of the Varachia’s family’s arrival in South Africa, Mr Varachia’s first recollection of his family’s life as traders in Africa centred around the home built by his grandfather years before in the thick bush on the northern side of the Magaliesberg river. This house doubled as the first Varachia trading store.
“My grandfather had six sons, all of whom became traders of one sort or another. My grandfather lived and traded there out of that house, the first Indian gentleman to settle near Hekpoort.”
Around the late 19th century, the saga of the Varachia family takes us way up to Phalaborwa in the South African lowveld, by which time intrepid grandad Varachia was bartering trade goods with the Boer farmers in return for milk, butter, meat and eggs.
It must have been a tough life for the family. Up in the pre-dawn cold to pack trade goods into their ox-wagons – rope, steel, nails, timber, spices and tobacco, in-spanning sixteen to eighteen bullocks, and setting off for the unknown.
And think of how long it took! Ox wagons travelled ploddingly, covering at most sixteen kilometres per day; and Phalaborwa was over six hundred kilometres to the north, well away from the Varachia family home in the Magaliesberg valley. Forty days and nights! It’s almost biblical.
I ask about granny Varachia. Did she go on the trek northwards?
“No,” replied Mr Varachia. “She tended the original store and kept house.”
Brave woman, I thought. Given the snakes I encounter regularly in my own camp, she must have had a busy life in the bush!
It took guts too, to venture into the African wilderness on that northern journey. Phalaborwa lies in the humid tropical lowveld of South Africa and malaria is still endemic. Bilharzia, giardia and crocs infested the rivers, the big five roamed free, and in the mid-1800s the likelihood of bumping into a cocky young elephant bull or an unfriendly local with a spear was still high.
I asked if there was any written family record of those perilous trips.
“No,” said Mr Varachia, “nothing except stories, and the stories, unfortunately, just gradually disappeared.”
Mr Varachia’s father Abdul Hay inherited the Magaliesberg business when grandad Varachia – known as Amod – passed on, and built the present store, now run by Aziz, grandson of the original ‘Amod’. The young grandson learned the ins and outs of trading from his father and mother, who both worked in the store. The tiny pinkish house that stands alongside the present Amod & Son was originally a trading store too, open only at weekends.
It’s a story of a long tradition of family ownership, courage and grit. Mr Varachia’s father, I’m told, “Was working here in the store for maybe thirty years before I took over. And I have been running the place for ten, twelve years now, maybe fourteen.”
What, I ask, was it like to trade in the bushveld near remote Hekpoort in the old days?
In the old days, Mr Varachia says, farming was different in the Magaliesberg valley. “There was a lot of maize farmed, even wheat. In those days, he says, “We had feed in stock – you know, cattle feed, horse feed, like a proper farm shop, but that has now died down because our poor farmers here are struggling. It’s become very expensive for them to farm now, labour costs have soared. They don’t get enough money out their farming. So most of them have given up farming.”
I ask him about social interaction; and he tells me that in the old days the farmers often came to the store, had a coffee and talked about their farms, how business was going and the problems they faced.
The Afrikaans farmers were different in the old days, he remembers. They were more godly people then, more religious. They respected us, and we respected them, we had a good relationship with them, he said. We were all struggling, we struggled together, and we actually kept the poor farmers toiling on their farms. They were farming to feed their nation, so we opened books, you know, books of credit for them, in the understanding they should pay only when they had a good harvest.
And yet, I said, that was at the height of apartheid when you couldn’t go into the local cafe with them – but you could lend them money to keep them going. Seems unfair.
There was no such thing as apartheid between us, says Mr Varachia. They accepted us, and we accepted them.
And, because of their Islamic faith, which forbids usury, the Varachias didn’t charge the farmers interest. The Varachia family and other Muslims around Hekpoort were of enormous help to the local farmers. They gave credit and loans or even donated animal feed for nothing in the hard times.
And what about the future, I say. I see for sale signs here. Why is that? Have you not got a son to pass the business on to?
In fact, Mr Varachia has two sons, Abdullahi and Imran, but they’re not interested in living the life their parents lived. Nor do the Varachia’s daughters, Anisa and Aysha, want to face the trials that go with rural living in present-day South Africa. The children have moved on – to Johannesburg and America.
Mr Varachia smiles sadly. “Things have changed,” he says. “There’s a lot of crime out here every day now. Not a day passes but somebody’s bulls are stolen, somebody’s fence has been cut, somebody’s house is broken into. So it’s no more a place to be, you will be unsafe around here. You know, before – it was nice, it was safe, no crime. But nowadays, to live here is no more a pleasure.”
Mr Varachia has already started to scale down, buying less, stocking less. Which explains the many empty shelves I see around me.
His face is resigned as he says to me. “I can’t carry on. Somehow, you got to shut down. My wife Rashida feels the same. She told me, ‘I think we better sell up here.’ He nods. “It’s time to move on.”
And when you finally close up here, where will you and your wife go?
He ponders. “I don’t know where we’ll go, maybe to my daughters, maybe to Johannesburg.” He shrugs.
We shake hands – me, Mr Varachia and his assistant Sam – and I leave him and his echoing shop behind, climb into my 4X4 and reverse out. But before I drive back to my camp I stop and look once more at the little trading store. Images crowd my mind as I ponder the arc of the lives that will end here, soon, beside a red dirt road in the heat.
Ox wagons toiling through steep passes to the far north in the 19th century; the danger and the courage of the Gujarati traders; stoical grandma, minding the store in the middle of the inhospitable bush; the constant struggle for survival, the generosity of spirit that drove the Varachias to support desperate local farmers through drought and poverty; the dangers the first family members faced crossing the capricious Indian ocean on the three-masted barque Truro.
At the height of the shop’s success, Amod & Son was probably much like those I remember with such happiness from my childhood in Zambia and Zimbabwe; bustling, colourful, full of fascinating smells, noisy, part of the local community, a meeting place that stocked every necessity for rural living, everything from Zambuk to blue Dietz lanterns to Lifebuoy soap.
But I also realised that Amod & Son, standing there in fierce heat beneath its dusty palm, was more than a trading store. It was a monument to decades of courage and a testament to gentle kindness; the epitome of a whole family’s hopes.
Almost gone now. One day the relentless bush will reclaim the building, and people passing by will say, “Wasn’t there a trading store there in the old days?”
Then they’ll shrug and drive on.
Thanks to David Lambkin for adding his novelist’s touch to the story.
It’s late. Our convent dormitory in Harare is dark and hushed. Sister Avila and the prefects have stopped prowling the passages, stopped listening for naughty giggles and homesick weeping.
But four of us have shoved our beds closer together and are lying on our tummies munching Tennis biscuits. Our plan of escape is clear. We’ll save up and buy a London bus (red, of course) and kit it out with everything needed for a long trip to the north. Daringly, we decide there’ll even be room for boyfriends!
We’ll drive far away from school rules and routine, meet handsome Arab sheiks and ride camels across the desert. We’ll float in warm seas and collect shells the size of lampshades. We’ll smoke cigarettes and say “bugger”. And our best-selling diaries will be become setworks for Mrs Moffatt’s English class. Above all, we’ll never compromise. Our lives will be adventurous and scandalous – propelled by our bright red bus.
Well, it was not to be. Two of us got pregnant, one of us got married, and I got varsity. We all got trapped, I guess.
But a singleton’s shackles are easier to break because they’re not forged by vows made to others, and our adolescent promises to ourselves are quickly forgotten. So I smoked cigarettes and said “bugger” without my fellow conspirators. There were no affairs with Arabs. (My naïve image of romantic Arabs was defined by the movie Lawrence of Arabia. I thought everyone looked like Peter O’Toole – searing blue eyes gazing into the distance.) And sadly, there was no red London bus.
But, later, I did own a bush-green Discovery, named Disco Divine. And, despite Land Rover’s poor reputation, she didn’t break down in Zambia’s Bengweulu swamps, nor in Zimbabwe’s Mana Pools, but was considerate enough to go on sabbatical in Sandton. She seemed to enjoy this so much she took unauthorized sabbaticals time and again. So it was off to the chop-shop for Divine.
My next ticket to ride the backroads was Priscilla, Queen of the Desert. A sand-coloured Toyota Hilux that I pimped-up and kitted-out to the max. She had everything a suburban girl (with dogs, always with dogs) might need in the bush – but doesn’t really. There were even two large deep freezes. Mind you, those came in handy when I was in the Kalahari doing heritage preservation work with the Khomani San. Their desire for meat was prodigious – but was not matched by their desire to hunt. Why hunt when Patricia and Priscilla would provide? Never underestimate efficient refrigeration as a driver of cultural evolution!
Play-time in Priscilla came to an end when she was stolen while parked in one of Joburg’s burbs with everything on board: cameras, recorders, tents, tables, tanks, stores, the lot. Even the bloody freezers.
I took that as a sign. Time to upgrade to something that wasn’t high on the wish-list of car thieves and hijackers. And I was tired of sleeping on the ground, tired of being vulnerable to everything from claws to a knife. I wanted a bed.
Enter Alexandra, Queen of Everything! My dream home-on-the-move – stylish but comfortable, safe but unconfined, and capable of taking on terrible terrain without handling like a Sherman tank.
I’ve written about her in the “Meet my Truck” section on my website – but I haven’t shared the disappointment I felt once I’d done 20 000ks in her.
Why was I not hungry for more? I was living the dream. So why did I have that ‘so what’ feeling about it all? “So, I’ve seen the Augrabies Falls”, I thought. “So what”?
It took me a while to understand what I was not getting from my touring experience (although I can have fun with my dogs in a supermarket carpark!) Yes, I was going to places, but I was not meeting the people of those places. I wasn’t being touched by their hearts, I wasn’t hearing their precious memories of our country and its extraordinary inhabitants.
That is how Storycatcher came about – a project that would enhance both your and my sense of humanity and belonging. And, I figure, if I’m getting personal introductions, if I’m handed from storyteller to storyteller, told which roads to take and which to avoid, told where to camp and who to trust, I would never need to feel unsafe or purposeless again. The local people and I would share the important things, the things that really matter, laugh together and howl and learn from our shared stories.
And I want to share what I hear and experience. I don’t see the point of it all otherwise. Which is why I offer you my podcasts, videos and blogs. Treasures brought back from my travels.
Oh, and one last thing: I don’t smoke any more, but I do still say ‘bugger’!